permits: admin CRUD (route + UI)

A permit is an aggregate (row + credentials + bound plates); create/update
treat it as one unit (child sets replaced on update). GET /api/permits (any
signed-in role, for lookup); POST/PUT/DELETE + POST /:id/revoke (admin only).
Validation: maxConcurrent positive-int-or-null (unbound); a permit must have at
least one credential OR one bound plate. Revoke is the soft common case (keeps
history, barred at the barrier); DELETE hard-removes — past ledger events that
reference it are untouched (append-only audit trail, independent of this row).

Web PermitManager in the admin shell: list + add/edit (holder, car-bound toggle,
validity, credentials, plates), revoke, delete. Makes permits usable without
hand-seeding (companion to the tariff composer).

Verified via inject: validation (empty / maxConcurrent=0 -> 400), create -> 201,
operator can LIST but not write (403), update replaces child rows, revoke ->
revoked, delete -> 204 then 404 with children cleaned.

apps/server/src/auth.ts

@@ -18,9 +18,15 @@ export const TOKEN_COOKIE = "parking_token";
 export const CSRF_COOKIE = "parking_csrf";
 export const CSRF_HEADER = "x-csrf-token";
 
-/** Token lifetime, also used as the cookie maxAge. */
-export const TOKEN_TTL = "8h";
-export const TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS = 8 * 60 * 60;
+// Session lifetime: the JWT has NO expiry — a login is valid until explicit
+// logout. Booth reality breaks any fixed clock (relief late/absent, forced double
+// shifts), and a shift is a separate explicit boundary, not the token's lifetime.
+// See wiki/entities/local-jwt-auth.md + wiki/concepts/shift.md.
+//
+// The cookie still needs a maxAge so it survives a browser restart (a session
+// cookie would log out an active operator on browser close — the opposite of
+// "until logout"). Use a long fixed window; the server clears it on logout.
+export const COOKIE_MAX_AGE_SECONDS = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60; // 30 days
 
 /**
  * Resolve the JWT signing secret, refusing to start without a strong one.
@@ -55,7 +61,7 @@ export function setAuthCookies(reply: FastifyReply, jwt: string, csrf: string):
     sameSite: "strict",
     secure,
     path: "/",
-    maxAge: TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS,
+    maxAge: COOKIE_MAX_AGE_SECONDS,
   });
   // Readable by JS so the SPA can echo it back in the CSRF header (double-submit).
   reply.setCookie(CSRF_COOKIE, csrf, {
@@ -63,7 +69,7 @@ export function setAuthCookies(reply: FastifyReply, jwt: string, csrf: string):
     sameSite: "strict",
     secure,
     path: "/",
-    maxAge: TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS,
+    maxAge: COOKIE_MAX_AGE_SECONDS,
   });
 }
 

apps/server/src/device-events.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,17 @@ export interface DeviceInputEvent {
   readonly source: "push" | "poll";
 }
 
+// A credential read at a lane: a ticket scanned at exit, a plate from LPR, a card
+// at a reader. Drives identity-based flows (exit validation, and later permits /
+// pay-station lookup). `kind` mirrors IdentitySource. See parking-session.md.
+export interface DeviceReadEvent {
+  readonly driverId: string;
+  readonly deviceId: string; // lane_devices id of the reader/scanner/camera
+  readonly value: string; // the ticket id / plate / card number
+  readonly kind: "ticket" | "plate" | "qr" | "card";
+  readonly at: string; // ISO-8601
+}
+
 /** A printer's status as tracked by the live monitor (status + identity). */
 export interface PrinterStatusEvent {
   readonly deviceId: string; // lane_devices id
@@ -33,6 +44,15 @@ class DeviceEventBus extends EventEmitter {
     return () => this.off("input", cb);
   }
 
+  /** A credential read (ticket scan, plate, card) at a lane. */
+  emitRead(event: DeviceReadEvent): void {
+    this.emit("read", event);
+  }
+  onRead(cb: (event: DeviceReadEvent) => void): () => void {
+    this.on("read", cb);
+    return () => this.off("read", cb);
+  }
+
   /** Emitted by the printer monitor whenever a printer's status CHANGES. */
   emitPrinterStatus(event: PrinterStatusEvent): void {
     this.emit("printer-status", event);

apps/server/src/exit-flow.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import { and, eq, laneDevices, ledgerEvents, sessions, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { registry, type AccessControlDevice } from "@parking/devices";
+import type { LedgerPayload } from "@parking/shared";
+import type { FastifyBaseLogger } from "fastify";
+import type { DeviceReadEvent } from "./device-events.js";
+import type { EventLog } from "./event-log.js";
+
+// The EXIT flow (pay-on-foot model): a credential read at the exit lane → look up
+// the session → validate it is PAID and within the walk-back grace → sign a
+// vehicle_exit → open. Payment is decoupled from exit (it happens earlier at the
+// pay station); the exit lane only VALIDATES. See wiki/concepts/parking-session.md.
+//
+// Validation is a fold over the SIGNED ledger (the authoritative record), not the
+// projection cache: find the open vehicle_entry for this identity, then a covering
+// payment within grace. The cache is updated after, for fast reads.
+//
+// REJECT (barrier stays closed) when unpaid / over grace — this is correct business
+// logic, NOT a fail-state. "Exit fails OPEN" (fail-state-safety) is about the SYSTEM
+// being unable to decide (power/host loss), not about an unpaid car; an unpaid driver
+// is sent back to the pay station, the rejection is logged.
+//
+// NOTE: payments / the pay station don't exist yet, so no session is ever PAID — every
+// transient exit currently REJECTS (logged). That's the correct end-state; it becomes
+// passable once the pay-station + `payment` events land.
+
+interface SessionView {
+  readonly identity: string;
+  readonly lane: number;
+  readonly enteredAt: string;
+  readonly open: boolean; // no vehicle_exit yet
+  readonly paidAt: string | null; // latest payment time, if any
+  readonly graceExitMin: number | null; // from the payment's tariff context, if known
+}
+
+export class ExitFlow {
+  readonly #db: Db;
+  readonly #log: EventLog;
+  readonly #logger: FastifyBaseLogger;
+  readonly #inFlight = new Set<string>();
+
+  constructor(db: Db, log: EventLog, logger: FastifyBaseLogger) {
+    this.#db = db;
+    this.#log = log;
+    this.#logger = logger;
+  }
+
+  /** Handle a transient-ticket read at a known exit lane (lane pre-resolved by the
+   *  read dispatcher, which has already ruled out a permit match). */
+  async handleAt(lane: number, e: DeviceReadEvent): Promise<void> {
+    const key = `${e.deviceId}:${e.value}`;
+    if (this.#inFlight.has(key)) return;
+    this.#inFlight.add(key);
+    try {
+      await this.#runExit(lane, e);
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.#logger.error(`exit-flow failed (lane ${lane}): ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    } finally {
+      this.#inFlight.delete(key);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #runExit(lane: number, e: DeviceReadEvent): Promise<void> {
+    const view = this.#sessionFor(e.value);
+
+    // No matching open session — unknown/duplicate ticket. Reject + log.
+    if (!view || !view.open) {
+      await this.#log.append({
+        type: "anomaly",
+        lane,
+        identity: e.value,
+        payload: { reason: view ? "exit refused — session already closed" : "exit refused — no open session for credential", exitRefused: true },
+      });
+      this.#logger.warn(`exit refused (lane ${lane}): no open session for ${e.value}`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // PAID + within walk-back grace?
+    const paid = view.paidAt != null;
+    const withinGrace =
+      paid &&
+      view.graceExitMin != null &&
+      Date.now() - Date.parse(view.paidAt!) <= view.graceExitMin * 60_000;
+
+    if (!paid || !withinGrace) {
+      const reason = !paid
+        ? "exit refused — not paid (pay at the station)"
+        : "exit refused — walk-back grace expired (top-up required)";
+      await this.#log.append({
+        type: "anomaly",
+        lane,
+        identity: e.value,
+        payload: { reason, exitRefused: true, sessionRef: e.value },
+      });
+      this.#logger.warn(`exit refused (lane ${lane}, ${e.value}): ${reason}`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Valid: sign the exit BEFORE opening, then open, then update the cache.
+    await this.#log.append({
+      type: "vehicle_exit",
+      lane,
+      direction: "exit",
+      source: e.kind === "plate" ? "lpr" : "ticket",
+      identity: e.value,
+      payload: { sessionRef: e.value },
+    });
+
+    const access = await this.#exitAccess(lane);
+    if (access) {
+      await access.pulseOpen(1); // exit barrier; door mapping is config-driven later
+    } else {
+      this.#logger.warn(`exit signed for ${e.value} but lane ${lane} has no access device to open`);
+    }
+
+    try {
+      this.#db
+        .update(sessions)
+        .set({ exitedAt: new Date().toISOString(), state: "closed" })
+        .where(eq(sessions.id, e.value))
+        .run();
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.#logger.error(`session-cache close failed for ${e.value}: ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Fold the signed ledger into a session view for one identity (authoritative). */
+  #sessionFor(identity: string): SessionView | null {
+    const rows = this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(ledgerEvents)
+      .where(eq(ledgerEvents.identity, identity))
+      .orderBy(ledgerEvents.index)
+      .all();
+    if (rows.length === 0) return null;
+
+    const entry = rows.find((r) => r.type === "vehicle_entry");
+    if (!entry) return null;
+    const exited = rows.some((r) => r.type === "vehicle_exit");
+
+    let paidAt: string | null = null;
+    let graceExitMin: number | null = null;
+    for (const r of rows) {
+      if (r.type === "payment") {
+        paidAt = r.occurredAt;
+        const p = (r.payload ?? {}) as LedgerPayload & { graceExitMin?: number };
+        if (typeof p.graceExitMin === "number") graceExitMin = p.graceExitMin;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return {
+      identity,
+      lane: entry.lane,
+      enteredAt: entry.occurredAt,
+      open: !exited,
+      paidAt,
+      graceExitMin,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** The lane's access device, to open the exit barrier. */
+  async #exitAccess(lane: number): Promise<AccessControlDevice | null> {
+    const row = await this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(laneDevices)
+      .where(and(eq(laneDevices.category, "access"), eq(laneDevices.lane, lane)))
+      .get();
+    if (!row || !row.enabled) return null;
+    const driver = registry.get(row.driverId);
+    if (!driver) return null;
+    try {
+      return driver.create(row.config as never) as AccessControlDevice;
+    } catch {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+}

apps/server/src/lane-map.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { laneDevices, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { and, eq, laneDevices, type Db } from "@parking/db";
 
 // Resolves a device instance id (lane_devices.id) to its lane number.
 //
@@ -28,3 +28,21 @@ export class LaneMap {
     return this.#byDeviceId.get(deviceId) ?? null;
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * The lane a reader/scanner belongs to, IF that lane has an access (barrier)
+ * device to open — shared by the read-driven flows (exit + permit). A read is an
+ * identity signal; it only drives a barrier where there's one to drive. Returns
+ * the lane number or null. (Distinguishing entry- vs. exit-readers per lane is a
+ * later lane-direction model.)
+ */
+export async function readerLaneWithAccess(db: Db, deviceId: string): Promise<number | null> {
+  const row = await db.select().from(laneDevices).where(eq(laneDevices.id, deviceId)).get();
+  if (!row || !row.enabled) return null;
+  const access = await db
+    .select()
+    .from(laneDevices)
+    .where(and(eq(laneDevices.category, "access"), eq(laneDevices.lane, row.lane)))
+    .get();
+  return access && access.enabled ? row.lane : null;
+}

apps/server/src/pay-station.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import { desc, eq, ledgerEvents, sessions, tariffVersions, tariffs, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { computeFee, type TariffStructure, type Tender } from "@parking/shared";
+import type { FastifyBaseLogger } from "fastify";
+import type { EventLog } from "./event-log.js";
+
+// The PAY STATION: a customer pays for an open session BEFORE walking back to the
+// car (pay-on-foot — payment is decoupled from exit). Two steps:
+//   1. quote(identity)  → look up the open session, price it against the tariff in
+//      force at entry, return the amount due (no side effect).
+//   2. pay(identity, tender) → re-price, append a SIGNED `payment` event carrying
+//      the amount, currency, tender, tariffVersionId, and graceExitMin (so the exit
+//      flow can validate paid + within walk-back grace). Payment is a signed ledger
+//      event, never a mutable "paid" flag — an operator can't forge or delete it.
+// See wiki/concepts/tariff.md, parking-session.md.
+
+export class NoOpenSessionError extends Error {
+  constructor(identity: string) {
+    super(`no open session for ${identity}`);
+    this.name = "NoOpenSessionError";
+  }
+}
+export class NoTariffError extends Error {
+  constructor() {
+    super("no active tariff configured");
+    this.name = "NoTariffError";
+  }
+}
+
+export interface Quote {
+  readonly identity: string;
+  readonly enteredAt: string;
+  readonly amountMinor: number;
+  readonly currency: string;
+  readonly tariffVersionId: string;
+  readonly graceExitMin: number;
+}
+
+export class PayStation {
+  readonly #db: Db;
+  readonly #log: EventLog;
+  readonly #logger: FastifyBaseLogger;
+
+  constructor(db: Db, log: EventLog, logger: FastifyBaseLogger) {
+    this.#db = db;
+    this.#log = log;
+    this.#logger = logger;
+  }
+
+  /** Price an open session against the tariff in force at its entry. No side effect. */
+  quote(identity: string): Quote {
+    const entry = this.#openEntry(identity);
+    if (!entry) throw new NoOpenSessionError(identity);
+
+    const tv = this.#tariffVersionFor(entry.occurredAt);
+    if (!tv) throw new NoTariffError();
+    const structure = tv.structure as unknown as TariffStructure;
+
+    const amountMinor = computeFee(entry.occurredAt, new Date().toISOString(), structure);
+    return {
+      identity,
+      enteredAt: entry.occurredAt,
+      amountMinor,
+      currency: tv.currency,
+      tariffVersionId: tv.id,
+      graceExitMin: structure.gracePeriodExitMin,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Take payment for a session and append the signed `payment` event. Re-quotes at
+   * the moment of payment (the customer pays for time parked SO FAR). For an
+   * overstay top-up the same call re-prices entry→now and the exit flow's
+   * grace-window restarts from this payment. `overrideMinor` lets the operator set
+   * an arbitrary amount (lost ticket / dispute) — recorded as the charged amount.
+   */
+  async pay(
+    identity: string,
+    tender: Tender,
+    overrideMinor?: number,
+  ): Promise<{ amountMinor: number; currency: string }> {
+    const q = this.quote(identity);
+    const amountMinor = overrideMinor ?? q.amountMinor;
+
+    await this.#log.append({
+      type: "payment",
+      lane: -1, // payment happens at a central station, not a lane
+      source: "manual",
+      identity,
+      payload: {
+        sessionRef: identity,
+        amountMinor,
+        currency: q.currency,
+        tender,
+        tariffVersionId: q.tariffVersionId,
+        // The exit flow reads graceExitMin off the payment to validate the
+        // walk-back window without re-resolving the tariff.
+        graceExitMin: q.graceExitMin,
+        ...(overrideMinor != null ? { reason: "operator-set amount", quotedMinor: q.amountMinor } : {}),
+      },
+    });
+
+    // Update the projection cache (rebuildable; not the source of truth).
+    try {
+      this.#db.update(sessions).set({ state: "paid" }).where(eq(sessions.id, identity)).run();
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.#logger.error(`session-cache mark-paid failed for ${identity}: ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    }
+
+    this.#logger.info(`payment ${amountMinor} ${q.currency} (${tender}) for ${identity}`);
+    return { amountMinor, currency: q.currency };
+  }
+
+  /** The vehicle_entry of an OPEN session for this identity (no later exit), or null. */
+  #openEntry(identity: string) {
+    const rows = this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(ledgerEvents)
+      .where(eq(ledgerEvents.identity, identity))
+      .orderBy(ledgerEvents.index)
+      .all();
+    const entry = rows.find((r) => r.type === "vehicle_entry");
+    if (!entry) return null;
+    if (rows.some((r) => r.type === "vehicle_exit")) return null; // already closed
+    return entry;
+  }
+
+  /** The tariff version in force at `at` — latest effectiveFrom ≤ at, for the
+   *  (single, for now) active site tariff. */
+  #tariffVersionFor(at: string) {
+    const tariff = this.#db.select().from(tariffs).where(eq(tariffs.scope, "site")).get();
+    if (!tariff) return null;
+    const versions = this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(tariffVersions)
+      .where(eq(tariffVersions.tariffId, tariff.id))
+      .orderBy(desc(tariffVersions.effectiveFrom))
+      .all();
+    return versions.find((v) => v.effectiveFrom <= at) ?? null;
+  }
+}

apps/server/src/permit-flow.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+import { and, eq, laneDevices, ledgerEvents, permitCredentials, permitPlates, permits, sessions, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { registry, type AccessControlDevice } from "@parking/devices";
+import type { FastifyBaseLogger } from "fastify";
+import type { DeviceReadEvent } from "./device-events.js";
+import type { EventLog } from "./event-log.js";
+
+// PERMIT flow: a subscriber identified by card/QR/plate enters/exits without paying.
+// Reached from the read dispatcher when a read matches a permit (not an open ticket).
+// See wiki/entities/permit.md.
+//
+// Two optional, independent bindings:
+//   - car-count: `maxConcurrent` (default 1, null = unbound) — how many of the
+//     permit's cars may be inside at once; enforced over the session projection.
+//   - plate: optional `plates[]` — when set, a matching plate is an accepted identity
+//     too (card/QR OR plate). When unset, any car may use the permit's card/QR.
+//
+// Direction is inferred from session state for THAT car (the read credential value
+// is the per-car session key): no open session → ENTRY; open session → EXIT. So a
+// fleet permit can have several cars in at once, each its own session, and
+// anti-passback falls out (a second "entry" on a car already in becomes its exit).
+
+export interface PermitMatch {
+  readonly permitId: string;
+  /** The specific credential/plate value read — the per-car session key. */
+  readonly carKey: string;
+  readonly via: "card" | "qr" | "plate";
+}
+
+export class PermitFlow {
+  readonly #db: Db;
+  readonly #log: EventLog;
+  readonly #logger: FastifyBaseLogger;
+  readonly #inFlight = new Set<string>();
+
+  constructor(db: Db, log: EventLog, logger: FastifyBaseLogger) {
+    this.#db = db;
+    this.#log = log;
+    this.#logger = logger;
+  }
+
+  /** Resolve a read to a permit (by card/QR credential, or by a bound plate), or null. */
+  match(e: DeviceReadEvent): PermitMatch | null {
+    // Card / QR / generic credential value.
+    const cred = this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(permitCredentials)
+      .where(eq(permitCredentials.value, e.value))
+      .get();
+    if (cred) {
+      return { permitId: cred.permitId, carKey: e.value, via: cred.kind === "qr" ? "qr" : "card" };
+    }
+    // Plate binding: a read plate that matches a permit's bound plate is an identity.
+    if (e.kind === "plate") {
+      const plate = this.#db.select().from(permitPlates).where(eq(permitPlates.plate, e.value)).get();
+      if (plate) return { permitId: plate.permitId, carKey: e.value, via: "plate" };
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /** Run the permit entry/exit for a matched read at a lane. */
+  async run(lane: number, e: DeviceReadEvent, m: PermitMatch): Promise<void> {
+    const key = `${m.permitId}:${m.carKey}`;
+    if (this.#inFlight.has(key)) return;
+    this.#inFlight.add(key);
+    try {
+      await this.#run(lane, e, m);
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.#logger.error(`permit-flow failed (lane ${lane}): ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    } finally {
+      this.#inFlight.delete(key);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #run(lane: number, e: DeviceReadEvent, m: PermitMatch): Promise<void> {
+    const permit = this.#db.select().from(permits).where(eq(permits.id, m.permitId)).get();
+    if (!permit) return;
+
+    // Validity: active + within the coverage window.
+    const now = new Date().toISOString();
+    const invalid =
+      permit.status !== "active" ||
+      (permit.validFrom != null && now < permit.validFrom) ||
+      (permit.validTo != null && now > permit.validTo);
+    if (invalid) {
+      await this.#reject(lane, m, `permit ${permit.status}/out-of-window`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const carOpen = this.#carHasOpenSession(m.carKey);
+
+    if (carOpen) {
+      // EXIT: this car is already inside → the read is its exit.
+      await this.#log.append({
+        type: "vehicle_exit",
+        lane,
+        direction: "exit",
+        source: m.via === "plate" ? "lpr" : m.via === "qr" ? "qr" : "wiegand",
+        identity: m.carKey,
+        payload: { sessionRef: m.carKey, permitId: m.permitId },
+      });
+      await this.#open(lane, m.carKey, "permit exit");
+      this.#closeCache(m.carKey);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // ENTRY: enforce the car-count binding (maxConcurrent), then sign + open.
+    if (permit.maxConcurrent != null) {
+      const open = this.#permitOpenCount(m.permitId);
+      if (open >= permit.maxConcurrent) {
+        await this.#reject(lane, m, `permit at capacity (${open}/${permit.maxConcurrent} cars in)`);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    await this.#log.append({
+      type: "vehicle_entry",
+      lane,
+      direction: "entry",
+      source: m.via === "plate" ? "lpr" : m.via === "qr" ? "qr" : "wiegand",
+      identity: m.carKey,
+      // No ticket, no fee — the permit IS the authorization. Recorded for audit.
+      payload: { sessionRef: m.carKey, permitId: m.permitId, permit: true },
+      occurredAt: now,
+    });
+    await this.#open(lane, m.carKey, "permit entry");
+    try {
+      this.#db
+        .insert(sessions)
+        .values({ id: m.carKey, lane, identity: m.carKey, source: m.via === "plate" ? "lpr" : "wiegand", permitId: m.permitId, enteredAt: now, state: "open" })
+        .run();
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.#logger.error(`session-cache insert failed for ${m.carKey}: ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Does this specific car (credential value) have an open session right now? */
+  #carHasOpenSession(carKey: string): boolean {
+    const rows = this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(ledgerEvents)
+      .where(eq(ledgerEvents.identity, carKey))
+      .orderBy(ledgerEvents.index)
+      .all();
+    const entries = rows.filter((r) => r.type === "vehicle_entry").length;
+    const exits = rows.filter((r) => r.type === "vehicle_exit").length;
+    return entries > exits;
+  }
+
+  /** How many of this permit's cars are inside right now (fold over the ledger). */
+  #permitOpenCount(permitId: string): number {
+    const rows = this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(ledgerEvents)
+      .where(and(eq(ledgerEvents.type, "vehicle_entry")))
+      .all()
+      .filter((r) => (r.payload as { permitId?: string } | null)?.permitId === permitId);
+    let open = 0;
+    for (const entry of rows) {
+      if (!this.#carHasOpenSession(entry.identity ?? "")) continue;
+      open += 1;
+    }
+    return open;
+  }
+
+  async #reject(lane: number, m: PermitMatch, reason: string): Promise<void> {
+    await this.#log.append({
+      type: "anomaly",
+      lane,
+      identity: m.carKey,
+      payload: { reason: `permit refused — ${reason}`, permitId: m.permitId, permitRefused: true },
+    });
+    this.#logger.warn(`permit refused (lane ${lane}, ${m.carKey}): ${reason}`);
+  }
+
+  async #open(lane: number, carKey: string, what: string): Promise<void> {
+    const access = await this.#access(lane);
+    if (access) await access.pulseOpen(1);
+    else this.#logger.warn(`${what} signed for ${carKey} but lane ${lane} has no access device`);
+  }
+
+  #closeCache(carKey: string): void {
+    try {
+      this.#db.update(sessions).set({ exitedAt: new Date().toISOString(), state: "closed" }).where(eq(sessions.id, carKey)).run();
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.#logger.error(`session-cache close failed for ${carKey}: ${(err as Error).message}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #access(lane: number): Promise<AccessControlDevice | null> {
+    const row = await this.#db
+      .select()
+      .from(laneDevices)
+      .where(and(eq(laneDevices.category, "access"), eq(laneDevices.lane, lane)))
+      .get();
+    if (!row || !row.enabled) return null;
+    const driver = registry.get(row.driverId);
+    if (!driver) return null;
+    try {
+      return driver.create(row.config as never) as AccessControlDevice;
+    } catch {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+}

apps/server/src/read-dispatch.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import type { Db } from "@parking/db";
+import type { FastifyBaseLogger } from "fastify";
+import type { DeviceReadEvent } from "./device-events.js";
+import type { ExitFlow } from "./exit-flow.js";
+import type { PermitFlow } from "./permit-flow.js";
+import { readerLaneWithAccess } from "./lane-map.js";
+
+// Routes a credential read (ticket scan / plate / card) to the right flow. A read
+// can mean a permit entry/exit OR a transient exit, so we dispatch by WHAT the
+// credential is (decision 2026-06-15):
+//   - matches a permit (card/QR/bound plate) → PERMIT flow (direction inferred from
+//     the car's open-session state),
+//   - else → transient EXIT flow (open ticket session → exit, else reject+log).
+// Lane is resolved once here; both flows act on a known access-equipped lane.
+
+export class ReadDispatcher {
+  readonly #db: Db;
+  readonly #exit: ExitFlow;
+  readonly #permit: PermitFlow;
+  readonly #logger: FastifyBaseLogger;
+
+  constructor(db: Db, exit: ExitFlow, permit: PermitFlow, logger: FastifyBaseLogger) {
+    this.#db = db;
+    this.#exit = exit;
+    this.#permit = permit;
+    this.#logger = logger;
+  }
+
+  async dispatch(e: DeviceReadEvent): Promise<void> {
+    const lane = await readerLaneWithAccess(this.#db, e.deviceId);
+    if (lane == null) return; // reader not on an access-equipped lane — ignore
+
+    const permit = this.#permit.match(e);
+    if (permit) {
+      await this.#permit.run(lane, e, permit);
+      return;
+    }
+    // Not a permit → transient ticket exit (the exit flow rejects+logs if unknown).
+    await this.#exit.handleAt(lane, e);
+  }
+}

apps/server/src/routes/auth.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import bcrypt from "bcrypt";
 import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
 import { eq, users, type Db } from "@parking/db";
 import {
-  TOKEN_TTL,
   clearAuthCookies,
   newCsrfToken,
   requireRole,
@@ -34,10 +33,13 @@ export async function authRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, db: Db): Promise<void> {
     }
 
     const csrf = newCsrfToken();
-    const token = await reply.jwtSign(
-      { sub: user.id, username: user.username, role: user.role, csrf },
-      { expiresIn: TOKEN_TTL },
-    );
+    // No expiresIn: the token is valid until explicit logout (see auth.ts).
+    const token = await reply.jwtSign({
+      sub: user.id,
+      username: user.username,
+      role: user.role,
+      csrf,
+    });
     setAuthCookies(reply, token, csrf);
     return { id: user.id, username: user.username, role: user.role };
   });

apps/server/src/routes/pay.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
+import { requireRole } from "../auth.js";
+import {
+  NoOpenSessionError,
+  NoTariffError,
+  type PayStation,
+} from "../pay-station.js";
+
+// Pay-station endpoints (pay-on-foot). The terminal/operator UI quotes a session
+// then takes payment; the payment becomes a signed ledger event. PCI scope stays
+// OUT of the app — actual card capture is a standalone P2PE terminal; here `tender`
+// just records cash vs. card. See wiki/concepts/tariff.md, parking-session.md, bom.md.
+
+interface QuoteQuery {
+  identity: string;
+}
+interface PayBody {
+  identity: string;
+  tender: "cash" | "card";
+  /** Operator-set amount (lost ticket / dispute) — overrides the computed fee. */
+  overrideMinor?: number;
+}
+
+export async function payRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, payStation: PayStation): Promise<void> {
+  // Cashier/operator/admin operate the pay station; readonly may not.
+  const guard = requireRole("admin", "operator", "cashier");
+
+  // Quote: what does this session owe right now? (No side effect.)
+  app.get<{ Querystring: QuoteQuery }>(
+    "/api/pay/quote",
+    { preHandler: guard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const identity = (req.query.identity ?? "").trim();
+      if (!identity) return reply.code(400).send({ error: "identity required" });
+      try {
+        return payStation.quote(identity);
+      } catch (err) {
+        return mapError(reply, err);
+      }
+    },
+  );
+
+  // Pay: take payment and append the signed `payment` event.
+  app.post<{ Body: PayBody }>(
+    "/api/pay",
+    { preHandler: guard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const { identity, tender, overrideMinor } = req.body ?? {};
+      if (!identity || (tender !== "cash" && tender !== "card")) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: "identity and tender (cash|card) required" });
+      }
+      if (overrideMinor != null && (!Number.isInteger(overrideMinor) || overrideMinor < 0)) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: "overrideMinor must be a non-negative integer (minor units)" });
+      }
+      try {
+        const res = await payStation.pay(identity, tender, overrideMinor);
+        return reply.code(201).send(res);
+      } catch (err) {
+        return mapError(reply, err);
+      }
+    },
+  );
+}
+
+function mapError(reply: import("fastify").FastifyReply, err: unknown) {
+  if (err instanceof NoOpenSessionError) return reply.code(404).send({ error: err.message });
+  if (err instanceof NoTariffError) return reply.code(409).send({ error: err.message });
+  return reply.code(500).send({ error: (err as Error).message });
+}

apps/server/src/routes/permits.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
+import { eq, permitCredentials, permitPlates, permits, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { requireRole } from "../auth.js";
+
+// Permit (subscription) admin CRUD. A permit is mutable master data — admins
+// grant/edit/revoke — but every USE of it is a signed ledger event, so the audit
+// trail stays append-only (see wiki/entities/permit.md). A permit is an aggregate:
+// the permit row + its credentials (card/QR) + its bound plates. The API treats them
+// as one unit (create/update replace the child sets; delete removes all).
+
+interface Credential {
+  kind: "rf" | "qr";
+  value: string;
+}
+interface PermitBody {
+  holderName?: string;
+  contact?: string;
+  /** Car-count binding: cars inside at once. Default 1; null = unbound. */
+  maxConcurrent?: number | null;
+  validFrom?: string | null;
+  validTo?: string | null;
+  status?: "active" | "suspended" | "revoked";
+  credentials?: Credential[];
+  /** Plate binding (optional): bound plates that also serve as identity. */
+  plates?: string[];
+}
+
+export async function permitRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, db: Db): Promise<void> {
+  // Admin manages permits; operator/cashier/readonly may LIST (to look one up).
+  const readGuard = requireRole("admin", "operator", "cashier", "readonly");
+  const writeGuard = requireRole("admin");
+
+  // Validate the body; returns problems (empty = ok). Shared by create + update.
+  function validate(b: PermitBody): string[] {
+    const errs: string[] = [];
+    if (b.maxConcurrent != null) {
+      if (!Number.isInteger(b.maxConcurrent) || b.maxConcurrent < 1) {
+        errs.push("maxConcurrent must be a positive integer, or null for unbound");
+      }
+    }
+    if (b.status && !["active", "suspended", "revoked"].includes(b.status)) {
+      errs.push("status must be active|suspended|revoked");
+    }
+    for (const c of b.credentials ?? []) {
+      if ((c.kind !== "rf" && c.kind !== "qr") || !c.value?.trim()) {
+        errs.push("each credential needs kind (rf|qr) and a non-empty value");
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if ((b.credentials?.length ?? 0) === 0 && (b.plates?.length ?? 0) === 0) {
+      errs.push("a permit needs at least one credential or one bound plate (else nothing identifies it)");
+    }
+    return errs;
+  }
+
+  function loadAggregate(id: string) {
+    const permit = db.select().from(permits).where(eq(permits.id, id)).get();
+    if (!permit) return null;
+    const credentials = db.select().from(permitCredentials).where(eq(permitCredentials.permitId, id)).all();
+    const plates = db.select().from(permitPlates).where(eq(permitPlates.permitId, id)).all();
+    return {
+      ...permit,
+      credentials: credentials.map((c) => ({ kind: c.kind, value: c.value })),
+      plates: plates.map((p) => p.plate),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Replace a permit's child rows (credentials + plates) from the body.
+  function writeChildren(id: string, b: PermitBody) {
+    db.delete(permitCredentials).where(eq(permitCredentials.permitId, id)).run();
+    db.delete(permitPlates).where(eq(permitPlates.permitId, id)).run();
+    for (const c of b.credentials ?? []) {
+      db.insert(permitCredentials).values({ id: randomUUID(), permitId: id, kind: c.kind, value: c.value.trim() }).run();
+    }
+    for (const p of b.plates ?? []) {
+      if (p.trim()) db.insert(permitPlates).values({ id: randomUUID(), permitId: id, plate: p.trim() }).run();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // List all permits (with their credentials + plates).
+  app.get("/api/permits", { preHandler: readGuard }, async () => {
+    const rows = db.select().from(permits).all();
+    return { permits: rows.map((r) => loadAggregate(r.id)) };
+  });
+
+  // Create a permit.
+  app.post<{ Body: PermitBody }>("/api/permits", { preHandler: writeGuard }, async (req, reply) => {
+    const b = req.body ?? {};
+    const problems = validate(b);
+    if (problems.length) return reply.code(400).send({ error: "invalid permit", problems });
+    const id = randomUUID();
+    db.insert(permits)
+      .values({
+        id,
+        holderName: b.holderName ?? null,
+        contact: b.contact ?? null,
+        maxConcurrent: b.maxConcurrent === undefined ? 1 : b.maxConcurrent,
+        validFrom: b.validFrom ?? null,
+        validTo: b.validTo ?? null,
+        status: b.status ?? "active",
+      })
+      .run();
+    writeChildren(id, b);
+    return reply.code(201).send(loadAggregate(id));
+  });
+
+  // Update a permit (replaces fields + child sets).
+  app.put<{ Params: { id: string }; Body: PermitBody }>(
+    "/api/permits/:id",
+    { preHandler: writeGuard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const existing = db.select().from(permits).where(eq(permits.id, req.params.id)).get();
+      if (!existing) return reply.code(404).send({ error: "permit not found" });
+      const b = req.body ?? {};
+      const problems = validate(b);
+      if (problems.length) return reply.code(400).send({ error: "invalid permit", problems });
+      db.update(permits)
+        .set({
+          holderName: b.holderName ?? null,
+          contact: b.contact ?? null,
+          maxConcurrent: b.maxConcurrent === undefined ? existing.maxConcurrent : b.maxConcurrent,
+          validFrom: b.validFrom ?? null,
+          validTo: b.validTo ?? null,
+          status: b.status ?? existing.status,
+        })
+        .where(eq(permits.id, req.params.id))
+        .run();
+      writeChildren(req.params.id, b);
+      return loadAggregate(req.params.id);
+    },
+  );
+
+  // Revoke (soft): the common case — keeps the permit + its history, just bars it.
+  // A revoked permit fails the entry check (see permit-flow.ts). Use DELETE only to
+  // fully remove a permit created in error.
+  app.post<{ Params: { id: string } }>(
+    "/api/permits/:id/revoke",
+    { preHandler: writeGuard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const r = db.update(permits).set({ status: "revoked" }).where(eq(permits.id, req.params.id)).run();
+      if (r.changes === 0) return reply.code(404).send({ error: "permit not found" });
+      return loadAggregate(req.params.id);
+    },
+  );
+
+  // Hard delete a permit + its child rows. (Past ledger events that reference it
+  // are untouched — the audit trail is append-only and independent of this row.)
+  app.delete<{ Params: { id: string } }>(
+    "/api/permits/:id",
+    { preHandler: writeGuard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const r = db.delete(permits).where(eq(permits.id, req.params.id)).run();
+      if (r.changes === 0) return reply.code(404).send({ error: "permit not found" });
+      db.delete(permitCredentials).where(eq(permitCredentials.permitId, req.params.id)).run();
+      db.delete(permitPlates).where(eq(permitPlates.permitId, req.params.id)).run();
+      return reply.code(204).send();
+    },
+  );
+}

apps/server/src/routes/tariffs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
+import { desc, eq, tariffVersions, tariffs, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { validateTariffStructure, type TariffStructure } from "@parking/shared";
+import { requireRole } from "../auth.js";
+
+// Tariff composer API — the admin builds + edits the rate card at runtime. Tariffs
+// are EFFECTIVE-DATED IMMUTABLE VERSIONS: editing publishes a new version, never
+// mutates one; a session reprices against the version in force at its entry, and
+// the `payment` event records the tariffVersionId. "One active tariff per site" for
+// now (a single `tariffs` row, lazily created). See wiki/concepts/tariff.md.
+
+interface PublishBody {
+  currency: string;
+  structure: TariffStructure;
+  /** When this version takes effect (ISO-8601). Defaults to now. */
+  effectiveFrom?: string;
+}
+
+const SITE_TARIFF_NAME = "Site tariff";
+
+export async function tariffRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, db: Db): Promise<void> {
+  // Any signed-in role may READ the tariff (the pay station / operator UI needs it).
+  const readGuard = requireRole("admin", "operator", "cashier", "readonly");
+  // Only an admin may PUBLISH a new version (it changes what customers are charged).
+  const writeGuard = requireRole("admin");
+
+  // The single site tariff row, created on first read/publish.
+  function ensureSiteTariff(): string {
+    const existing = db.select().from(tariffs).where(eq(tariffs.scope, "site")).get();
+    if (existing) return existing.id;
+    const id = randomUUID();
+    db.insert(tariffs).values({ id, scope: "site", name: SITE_TARIFF_NAME }).run();
+    return id;
+  }
+
+  // Current state: the active (latest-effective, ≤ now) version + the full history.
+  app.get("/api/tariff", { preHandler: readGuard }, async () => {
+    const tariffId = ensureSiteTariff();
+    const versions = db
+      .select()
+      .from(tariffVersions)
+      .where(eq(tariffVersions.tariffId, tariffId))
+      .orderBy(desc(tariffVersions.effectiveFrom))
+      .all();
+    const now = new Date().toISOString();
+    const active = versions.find((v) => v.effectiveFrom <= now) ?? null;
+    return { tariffId, active, versions };
+  });
+
+  // Publish a new immutable version. Validates the structure first — a malformed
+  // rate card can never be published (the fee calc + the chain depend on it).
+  app.post<{ Body: PublishBody }>(
+    "/api/tariff/versions",
+    { preHandler: writeGuard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const { currency, structure, effectiveFrom } = req.body ?? ({} as PublishBody);
+      if (!currency || typeof currency !== "string" || currency.length < 3) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: "currency (ISO 4217) required" });
+      }
+      const problems = validateTariffStructure(structure);
+      if (problems.length) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: "invalid tariff structure", problems });
+      }
+      const tariffId = ensureSiteTariff();
+      const id = randomUUID();
+      const row = {
+        id,
+        tariffId,
+        effectiveFrom: effectiveFrom ?? new Date().toISOString(),
+        currency,
+        structure: structure as unknown as Record<string, unknown>,
+        createdBy: req.user?.username ?? null,
+      };
+      db.insert(tariffVersions).values(row).run();
+      return reply.code(201).send(row);
+    },
+  );
+}

apps/server/src/server.ts

@@ -7,12 +7,19 @@ import { TOKEN_COOKIE, requireJwtSecret } from "./auth.js";
 import { deviceEvents } from "./device-events.js";
 import { EntryFlow } from "./entry-flow.js";
 import { EventLog } from "./event-log.js";
+import { ExitFlow } from "./exit-flow.js";
+import { PayStation } from "./pay-station.js";
+import { PermitFlow } from "./permit-flow.js";
+import { ReadDispatcher } from "./read-dispatch.js";
 import { LaneMap } from "./lane-map.js";
 import { PrinterMonitor } from "./printer-monitor.js";
 import { buildSigner } from "./signer.js";
 import { authRoutes } from "./routes/auth.js";
 import { deviceRoutes } from "./routes/devices.js";
 import { eventRoutes } from "./routes/events.js";
+import { payRoutes } from "./routes/pay.js";
+import { permitRoutes } from "./routes/permits.js";
+import { tariffRoutes } from "./routes/tariffs.js";
 import { printerRoutes } from "./routes/printers.js";
 import { setupRoutes } from "./routes/setup.js";
 
@@ -40,7 +47,8 @@ export async function buildServer(opts: BuildOptions = {}): Promise<FastifyInsta
   // The token is carried in an HttpOnly cookie (not the Authorization header).
   await app.register(jwt, {
     secret: requireJwtSecret(),
-    sign: { expiresIn: "8h" }, // bound to a shift; minted tokens must expire
+    // No expiry: a login is valid until explicit logout — a shift is a separate
+    // boundary, not the token lifetime (see auth.ts + wiki/concepts/shift.md).
     cookie: { cookieName: TOKEN_COOKIE, signed: false },
   });
 
@@ -91,6 +99,29 @@ export async function buildServer(opts: BuildOptions = {}): Promise<FastifyInsta
   });
   app.addHook("onClose", async () => unsubscribeEntry());
 
+  // Read-driven flows: a credential read (ticket scan / plate / card) routes via the
+  // dispatcher to either the PERMIT flow (if it matches a permit) or the transient
+  // EXIT flow. See read-dispatch.ts, exit-flow.ts, permit-flow.ts, parking-session.md.
+  const exitFlow = new ExitFlow(db, eventLog, app.log);
+  const permitFlow = new PermitFlow(db, eventLog, app.log);
+  const readDispatcher = new ReadDispatcher(db, exitFlow, permitFlow, app.log);
+  const unsubscribeRead = deviceEvents.onRead((e) => {
+    void readDispatcher.dispatch(e);
+  });
+  app.addHook("onClose", async () => unsubscribeRead());
+
+  // Pay station (pay-on-foot): quote an open session against the active tariff +
+  // take payment → signed `payment` event. See wiki/concepts/tariff.md.
+  const payStation = new PayStation(db, eventLog, app.log);
+  await payRoutes(app, payStation);
+
+  // Tariff composer: admin publishes effective-dated, immutable rate-card versions
+  // the pay station prices against. See wiki/concepts/tariff.md.
+  await tariffRoutes(app, db);
+
+  // Permit (subscription) admin CRUD. See wiki/entities/permit.md.
+  await permitRoutes(app, db);
+
   const unsubscribeInput = deviceEvents.onInput((e) => {
     // Resolve which lane the device belongs to. -1 marks "device fired but isn't
     // mapped to a lane" (assigned without a lane, or a stale id) — still recorded

apps/web/src/App.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { fetchMe, logout, type SessionUser } from "./api.js";
 import { Login } from "./Login.js";
+import { PermitManager } from "./PermitManager.js";
 import { SetupWizard } from "./SetupWizard.js";
+import { TariffComposer } from "./TariffComposer.js";
 
 // Operator UI shell. Plain React (no admin framework) — the operator UI is
 // simple enough that a framework's abstractions cost more than they save.
@@ -39,7 +41,11 @@ export function App() {
         </span>
       </header>
       {user.role === "admin" ? (
-        <SetupWizard />
+        <>
+          <SetupWizard />
+          <TariffComposer />
+          <PermitManager />
+        </>
       ) : (
         <p style={{ marginTop: "1rem" }}>Signed in. (Operator console coming soon.)</p>
       )}

apps/web/src/PermitManager.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import {
+  ApiError,
+  createPermit,
+  deletePermit,
+  fetchPermits,
+  revokePermit,
+  updatePermit,
+  type Permit,
+  type PermitCredential,
+  type PermitInput,
+} from "./api.js";
+
+// Permit (subscription) admin. Create/edit/revoke/delete permits + their
+// credentials (card/QR) and bound plates. A permit is mutable master data; every
+// USE of it is a signed ledger event elsewhere. See wiki/entities/permit.md.
+
+interface FormState {
+  holderName: string;
+  contact: string;
+  carBound: boolean; // false = unbound (maxConcurrent null)
+  maxConcurrent: string;
+  validFrom: string;
+  validTo: string;
+  credentials: PermitCredential[];
+  platesText: string; // comma/space separated
+}
+
+function emptyForm(): FormState {
+  return { holderName: "", contact: "", carBound: true, maxConcurrent: "1", validFrom: "", validTo: "", credentials: [{ kind: "rf", value: "" }], platesText: "" };
+}
+function formFrom(p: Permit): FormState {
+  return {
+    holderName: p.holderName ?? "",
+    contact: p.contact ?? "",
+    carBound: p.maxConcurrent != null,
+    maxConcurrent: p.maxConcurrent != null ? String(p.maxConcurrent) : "1",
+    validFrom: p.validFrom ?? "",
+    validTo: p.validTo ?? "",
+    credentials: p.credentials.length ? p.credentials : [{ kind: "rf", value: "" }],
+    platesText: p.plates.join(", "),
+  };
+}
+function toInput(f: FormState): PermitInput {
+  return {
+    holderName: f.holderName.trim() || null,
+    contact: f.contact.trim() || null,
+    maxConcurrent: f.carBound ? Math.max(1, Math.round(Number(f.maxConcurrent) || 1)) : null,
+    validFrom: f.validFrom.trim() || null,
+    validTo: f.validTo.trim() || null,
+    credentials: f.credentials.filter((c) => c.value.trim()).map((c) => ({ kind: c.kind, value: c.value.trim() })),
+    plates: f.platesText.split(/[,\s]+/).map((s) => s.trim()).filter(Boolean),
+  };
+}
+
+export function PermitManager() {
+  const [permits, setPermits] = useState<Permit[] | null>(null);
+  const [editing, setEditing] = useState<string | "new" | null>(null);
+  const [form, setForm] = useState<FormState>(emptyForm);
+  const [msg, setMsg] = useState<{ kind: "ok" | "err"; text: string } | null>(null);
+
+  function reload() {
+    fetchPermits()
+      .then((r) => setPermits(r.permits))
+      .catch((e) => setMsg({ kind: "err", text: (e as Error).message }));
+  }
+  useEffect(reload, []);
+
+  function startNew() {
+    setForm(emptyForm());
+    setEditing("new");
+    setMsg(null);
+  }
+  function startEdit(p: Permit) {
+    setForm(formFrom(p));
+    setEditing(p.id);
+    setMsg(null);
+  }
+
+  async function save() {
+    setMsg(null);
+    try {
+      if (editing === "new") await createPermit(toInput(form));
+      else if (editing) await updatePermit(editing, toInput(form));
+      setEditing(null);
+      reload();
+      setMsg({ kind: "ok", text: "Permit saved." });
+    } catch (e) {
+      const problems = e instanceof ApiError ? (e as ApiError & { problems?: string[] }).problems : undefined;
+      setMsg({ kind: "err", text: problems?.length ? `${(e as Error).message}: ${problems.join("; ")}` : (e as Error).message });
+    }
+  }
+  async function doRevoke(p: Permit) {
+    if (!confirm(`Revoke permit for ${p.holderName ?? p.id}? It will be refused at the barrier.`)) return;
+    await revokePermit(p.id).catch((e) => setMsg({ kind: "err", text: (e as Error).message }));
+    reload();
+  }
+  async function doDelete(p: Permit) {
+    if (!confirm(`Delete permit for ${p.holderName ?? p.id}? (Past events are kept.)`)) return;
+    await deletePermit(p.id).catch((e) => setMsg({ kind: "err", text: (e as Error).message }));
+    reload();
+  }
+
+  function setCred(i: number, patch: Partial<PermitCredential>) {
+    setForm((f) => ({ ...f, credentials: f.credentials.map((c, j) => (j === i ? { ...c, ...patch } : c)) }));
+  }
+
+  if (!permits) return null;
+
+  return (
+    <section style={{ marginTop: "2rem" }}>
+      <h2>Permits</h2>
+      <ul style={{ listStyle: "none", padding: 0 }}>
+        {permits.map((p) => (
+          <li key={p.id} style={{ display: "flex", gap: "0.5rem", alignItems: "center", padding: "0.4rem 0", borderBottom: "1px solid #eee" }}>
+            <strong>{p.holderName ?? "(unnamed)"}</strong>
+            <span style={{ color: p.status === "active" ? "#16a34a" : "#b45309" }}>{p.status}</span>
+            <span style={{ color: "#666" }}>
+              {p.maxConcurrent == null ? "unbound" : `${p.maxConcurrent} car${p.maxConcurrent > 1 ? "s" : ""}`} ·{" "}
+              {p.credentials.length} cred · {p.plates.length} plate(s)
+            </span>
+            <span style={{ flex: 1 }} />
+            <button type="button" onClick={() => startEdit(p)}>Edit</button>
+            {p.status !== "revoked" && <button type="button" onClick={() => doRevoke(p)}>Revoke</button>}
+            <button type="button" onClick={() => doDelete(p)}>Delete</button>
+          </li>
+        ))}
+        {permits.length === 0 && <li style={{ color: "#777" }}>No permits yet.</li>}
+      </ul>
+
+      {editing == null ? (
+        <button type="button" onClick={startNew}>+ Add permit</button>
+      ) : (
+        <div style={{ border: "1px solid #ddd", padding: "1rem", marginTop: "0.5rem", maxWidth: 460 }}>
+          <h3 style={{ marginTop: 0 }}>{editing === "new" ? "New permit" : "Edit permit"}</h3>
+          <div style={{ display: "grid", gridTemplateColumns: "max-content 1fr", gap: "0.4rem 0.75rem", alignItems: "center" }}>
+            <label>Holder name</label>
+            <input value={form.holderName} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, holderName: e.target.value }))} />
+            <label>Contact</label>
+            <input value={form.contact} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, contact: e.target.value }))} />
+            <label>Car limit</label>
+            <span>
+              <label style={{ marginRight: "0.5rem" }}>
+                <input type="checkbox" checked={form.carBound} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, carBound: e.target.checked }))} /> limit cars in at once
+              </label>
+              {form.carBound && (
+                <input value={form.maxConcurrent} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, maxConcurrent: e.target.value }))} style={{ width: 50 }} />
+              )}
+            </span>
+            <label>Valid from</label>
+            <input value={form.validFrom} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, validFrom: e.target.value }))} placeholder="ISO date (optional)" />
+            <label>Valid to</label>
+            <input value={form.validTo} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, validTo: e.target.value }))} placeholder="ISO date (optional)" />
+            <label>Bound plates</label>
+            <input value={form.platesText} onChange={(e) => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, platesText: e.target.value }))} placeholder="comma-separated (optional)" />
+          </div>
+
+          <h4 style={{ marginBottom: "0.25rem" }}>Credentials (card / QR)</h4>
+          {form.credentials.map((c, i) => (
+            <div key={i} style={{ display: "flex", gap: "0.4rem", marginBottom: "0.3rem" }}>
+              <select value={c.kind} onChange={(e) => setCred(i, { kind: e.target.value as "rf" | "qr" })}>
+                <option value="rf">RF card/tag</option>
+                <option value="qr">QR</option>
+              </select>
+              <input value={c.value} onChange={(e) => setCred(i, { value: e.target.value })} placeholder="credential value" style={{ flex: 1 }} />
+              <button type="button" onClick={() => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, credentials: f.credentials.filter((_, j) => j !== i) }))}>×</button>
+            </div>
+          ))}
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setForm((f) => ({ ...f, credentials: [...f.credentials, { kind: "rf", value: "" }] }))}>+ credential</button>
+          <p style={{ color: "#777", fontSize: "0.85em", margin: "0.5rem 0 0" }}>
+            A permit needs at least one credential OR one bound plate.
+          </p>
+
+          <div style={{ marginTop: "1rem", display: "flex", gap: "0.5rem" }}>
+            <button type="button" onClick={save}>Save</button>
+            <button type="button" onClick={() => setEditing(null)}>Cancel</button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+      {msg && <p style={{ color: msg.kind === "ok" ? "#16a34a" : "crimson" }}>{msg.text}</p>}
+    </section>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/TariffComposer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import {
+  ApiError,
+  fetchTariff,
+  publishTariffVersion,
+  type TariffBlock,
+  type TariffStructure,
+  type TariffState,
+} from "./api.js";
+
+// Tariff composer — the admin builds + edits the rate card at runtime. Publishing
+// creates a new IMMUTABLE version (the active card); old versions are kept so past
+// sessions reprice correctly. Amounts are entered in major units (e.g. euros) for
+// usability and converted to integer minor units on submit. See wiki/concepts/tariff.md.
+
+// Editable form mirror of TariffStructure, but money in major-unit strings.
+interface BlockForm {
+  uptoMin: string; // "" = open-ended (last block)
+  price: string; // major units, e.g. "2.00"
+}
+interface FormState {
+  currency: string;
+  gracePeriodEntryMin: string;
+  incrementMin: string;
+  dailyCap: string; // "" = no cap
+  lostTicket: string;
+  gracePeriodExitMin: string;
+  blocks: BlockForm[];
+}
+
+const toMinor = (major: string): number => Math.round(parseFloat(major || "0") * 100);
+const toMajor = (minor: number): string => (minor / 100).toFixed(2);
+
+function emptyForm(): FormState {
+  return {
+    currency: "EUR",
+    gracePeriodEntryMin: "15",
+    incrementMin: "60",
+    dailyCap: "",
+    lostTicket: "20.00",
+    gracePeriodExitMin: "15",
+    blocks: [{ uptoMin: "60", price: "2.00" }, { uptoMin: "", price: "1.00" }],
+  };
+}
+
+function formFromActive(s: TariffState): FormState {
+  const v = s.active;
+  if (!v) return emptyForm();
+  const st = v.structure;
+  return {
+    currency: v.currency,
+    gracePeriodEntryMin: String(st.gracePeriodEntryMin),
+    incrementMin: String(st.incrementMin),
+    dailyCap: st.dailyCapMinor == null ? "" : toMajor(st.dailyCapMinor),
+    lostTicket: toMajor(st.lostTicketMinor),
+    gracePeriodExitMin: String(st.gracePeriodExitMin),
+    blocks: st.blocks.map((b) => ({
+      uptoMin: b.uptoMin == null ? "" : String(b.uptoMin),
+      price: toMajor(b.priceMinorPerIncrement),
+    })),
+  };
+}
+
+function toStructure(f: FormState): TariffStructure {
+  const blocks: TariffBlock[] = f.blocks.map((b) => ({
+    uptoMin: b.uptoMin.trim() === "" ? null : Math.round(Number(b.uptoMin)),
+    priceMinorPerIncrement: toMinor(b.price),
+  }));
+  return {
+    gracePeriodEntryMin: Math.round(Number(f.gracePeriodEntryMin)),
+    incrementMin: Math.round(Number(f.incrementMin)),
+    blocks,
+    dailyCapMinor: f.dailyCap.trim() === "" ? null : toMinor(f.dailyCap),
+    lostTicketMinor: toMinor(f.lostTicket),
+    gracePeriodExitMin: Math.round(Number(f.gracePeriodExitMin)),
+    overstay: "reprice",
+  };
+}
+
+export function TariffComposer() {
+  const [state, setState] = useState<TariffState | null>(null);
+  const [form, setForm] = useState<FormState>(emptyForm);
+  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
+  const [msg, setMsg] = useState<{ kind: "ok" | "err"; text: string } | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    fetchTariff()
+      .then((s) => {
+        setState(s);
+        setForm(formFromActive(s));
+      })
+      .catch((e) => setMsg({ kind: "err", text: (e as Error).message }));
+  }, []);
+
+  function set<K extends keyof FormState>(key: K, value: FormState[K]) {
+    setForm((f) => ({ ...f, [key]: value }));
+  }
+  function setBlock(i: number, patch: Partial<BlockForm>) {
+    setForm((f) => ({ ...f, blocks: f.blocks.map((b, j) => (j === i ? { ...b, ...patch } : b)) }));
+  }
+  function addBlock() {
+    setForm((f) => ({ ...f, blocks: [...f.blocks, { uptoMin: "", price: "0.00" }] }));
+  }
+  function removeBlock(i: number) {
+    setForm((f) => ({ ...f, blocks: f.blocks.filter((_, j) => j !== i) }));
+  }
+
+  async function publish() {
+    setSaving(true);
+    setMsg(null);
+    try {
+      await publishTariffVersion({ currency: form.currency.trim().toUpperCase(), structure: toStructure(form) });
+      const fresh = await fetchTariff();
+      setState(fresh);
+      setMsg({ kind: "ok", text: "New tariff version published — it's now the active rate card." });
+    } catch (e) {
+      const text =
+        e instanceof ApiError && (e as ApiError & { problems?: string[] }).problems
+          ? `${e.message}: ${((e as ApiError & { problems?: string[] }).problems ?? []).join("; ")}`
+          : (e as Error).message;
+      setMsg({ kind: "err", text });
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <section style={{ marginTop: "2rem" }}>
+      <h2>Tariff</h2>
+      {!state?.active ? (
+        <p style={{ color: "#b45309" }}>
+          No rate card published yet — the pay station can't charge until you publish one.
+        </p>
+      ) : (
+        <p style={{ color: "#555" }}>
+          Active since {new Date(state.active.effectiveFrom).toLocaleString()} ·{" "}
+          {state.versions.length} version(s) in history. Publishing creates a new version; past
+          sessions keep their original pricing.
+        </p>
+      )}
+
+      <div style={{ display: "grid", gridTemplateColumns: "max-content 1fr", gap: "0.4rem 0.75rem", alignItems: "center", maxWidth: 460 }}>
+        <label>Currency</label>
+        <input value={form.currency} onChange={(e) => set("currency", e.target.value)} maxLength={3} style={{ width: 80 }} />
+        <label>Free entry grace (min)</label>
+        <input value={form.gracePeriodEntryMin} onChange={(e) => set("gracePeriodEntryMin", e.target.value)} />
+        <label>Billing increment (min)</label>
+        <input value={form.incrementMin} onChange={(e) => set("incrementMin", e.target.value)} />
+        <label>Daily cap (blank = none)</label>
+        <input value={form.dailyCap} onChange={(e) => set("dailyCap", e.target.value)} placeholder="e.g. 12.00" />
+        <label>Lost-ticket fee</label>
+        <input value={form.lostTicket} onChange={(e) => set("lostTicket", e.target.value)} />
+        <label>Exit walk-back grace (min)</label>
+        <input value={form.gracePeriodExitMin} onChange={(e) => set("gracePeriodExitMin", e.target.value)} />
+      </div>
+
+      <h3 style={{ marginBottom: "0.25rem" }}>Rate blocks</h3>
+      <p style={{ color: "#777", margin: "0 0 0.5rem", fontSize: "0.9em" }}>
+        Consumed in order as time accrues. "Up to (min)" is the block's upper bound; leave the last
+        block's bound blank for "thereafter". Price is per billing increment.
+      </p>
+      <table style={{ borderCollapse: "collapse" }}>
+        <thead>
+          <tr style={{ textAlign: "left", color: "#555" }}>
+            <th style={{ padding: "0 0.5rem" }}>Up to (min)</th>
+            <th style={{ padding: "0 0.5rem" }}>Price / increment</th>
+            <th />
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          {form.blocks.map((b, i) => (
+            <tr key={i}>
+              <td style={{ padding: "0.15rem 0.5rem" }}>
+                <input
+                  value={b.uptoMin}
+                  onChange={(e) => setBlock(i, { uptoMin: e.target.value })}
+                  placeholder={i === form.blocks.length - 1 ? "thereafter" : "e.g. 60"}
+                  style={{ width: 110 }}
+                />
+              </td>
+              <td style={{ padding: "0.15rem 0.5rem" }}>
+                <input value={b.price} onChange={(e) => setBlock(i, { price: e.target.value })} style={{ width: 90 }} />
+              </td>
+              <td>
+                <button type="button" onClick={() => removeBlock(i)} disabled={form.blocks.length <= 1}>
+                  Remove
+                </button>
+              </td>
+            </tr>
+          ))}
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+      <button type="button" onClick={addBlock} style={{ marginTop: "0.4rem" }}>
+        + Add block
+      </button>
+
+      <div style={{ marginTop: "1rem" }}>
+        <button type="button" onClick={publish} disabled={saving}>
+          {saving ? "Publishing…" : "Publish new version"}
+        </button>
+      </div>
+      {msg && (
+        <p style={{ color: msg.kind === "ok" ? "#16a34a" : "crimson", marginTop: "0.5rem" }}>{msg.text}</p>
+      )}
+    </section>
+  );
+}

apps/web/src/api.ts

@@ -197,3 +197,83 @@ export function fetchState(): Promise<SetupState> {
 export function unassignDevice(id: string): Promise<void> {
   return apiFetch(`/api/setup/assign/${id}`, { method: "DELETE" });
 }
+
+// --- Tariff composer ------------------------------------------------------
+
+export interface TariffBlock {
+  uptoMin: number | null;
+  priceMinorPerIncrement: number;
+}
+export interface TariffStructure {
+  gracePeriodEntryMin: number;
+  incrementMin: number;
+  blocks: TariffBlock[];
+  dailyCapMinor: number | null;
+  lostTicketMinor: number;
+  gracePeriodExitMin: number;
+  overstay: "reprice";
+}
+export interface TariffVersion {
+  id: string;
+  tariffId: string;
+  effectiveFrom: string;
+  currency: string;
+  structure: TariffStructure;
+  createdBy?: string | null;
+  createdAt?: string;
+}
+export interface TariffState {
+  tariffId: string;
+  active: TariffVersion | null;
+  versions: TariffVersion[];
+}
+
+export function fetchTariff(): Promise<TariffState> {
+  return apiFetch<TariffState>("/api/tariff");
+}
+
+/** Publish a new immutable tariff version (becomes the active rate card). */
+export function publishTariffVersion(body: {
+  currency: string;
+  structure: TariffStructure;
+  effectiveFrom?: string;
+}): Promise<TariffVersion> {
+  return apiFetch("/api/tariff/versions", { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify(body) });
+}
+
+// --- Permits --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export interface PermitCredential {
+  kind: "rf" | "qr";
+  value: string;
+}
+export interface Permit {
+  id: string;
+  holderName: string | null;
+  contact: string | null;
+  maxConcurrent: number | null;
+  validFrom: string | null;
+  validTo: string | null;
+  status: "active" | "suspended" | "revoked";
+  credentials: PermitCredential[];
+  plates: string[];
+}
+export type PermitInput = Omit<Permit, "id" | "status"> & {
+  status?: Permit["status"];
+};
+
+export function fetchPermits(): Promise<{ permits: Permit[] }> {
+  return apiFetch("/api/permits");
+}
+export function createPermit(body: PermitInput): Promise<Permit> {
+  return apiFetch("/api/permits", { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify(body) });
+}
+export function updatePermit(id: string, body: PermitInput): Promise<Permit> {
+  return apiFetch(`/api/permits/${id}`, { method: "PUT", body: JSON.stringify(body) });
+}
+export function revokePermit(id: string): Promise<Permit> {
+  return apiFetch(`/api/permits/${id}/revoke`, { method: "POST" });
+}
+export function deletePermit(id: string): Promise<void> {
+  return apiFetch(`/api/permits/${id}`, { method: "DELETE" });
+}

packages/shared/src/index.ts

@@ -113,6 +113,103 @@ export interface TariffBlock {
   readonly priceMinorPerIncrement: number;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Compute the parking fee (integer minor units) for a stay, from a TariffStructure.
+ * PURE + deterministic + offline — the pay station calls it with asOf = now; the
+ * result is fixed into a signed `payment` event, so it must be reproducible.
+ *
+ * Algorithm (wiki/concepts/tariff.md): round duration UP to incrementMin; free if
+ * within entry grace; else walk the stay one rolling-24h segment at a time, charging
+ * each increment at its block's rate (blocks consumed in order by cumulative minutes),
+ * capping each segment at dailyCapMinor. Times are ISO-8601; bad input → 0 (caller
+ * validates the tariff exists first).
+ */
+export function computeFee(
+  enteredAt: string,
+  asOf: string,
+  tariff: TariffStructure,
+): number {
+  const ms = Date.parse(asOf) - Date.parse(enteredAt);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(ms) || ms <= 0) return 0;
+  const rawMinutes = ms / 60_000;
+  // Grace uses the RAW duration (a 10-min stay is free even if the increment is
+  // 60 min — otherwise rounding-up would defeat the grace window).
+  if (rawMinutes <= tariff.gracePeriodEntryMin) return 0;
+  const inc = Math.max(1, tariff.incrementMin);
+  const minutes = Math.ceil(rawMinutes / inc) * inc; // round UP to the increment
+
+  const DAY = 24 * 60;
+  let total = 0;
+  for (let segStart = 0; segStart < minutes; segStart += DAY) {
+    const segEnd = Math.min(segStart + DAY, minutes);
+    let segFee = 0;
+    // The block ladder RESETS each rolling-24h day: `within` is minutes elapsed
+    // WITHIN this day, so day 2 starts at the first block again (decision 2026-06-15).
+    for (let within = 0; segStart + within < segEnd; within += inc) {
+      segFee += rateAt(tariff.blocks, within);
+    }
+    if (tariff.dailyCapMinor != null) segFee = Math.min(segFee, tariff.dailyCapMinor);
+    total += segFee;
+  }
+  return total;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate an admin-authored tariff structure. Returns [] if valid, else a list
+ * of human-readable problems. Pure — used by the composer route (and any caller)
+ * so a malformed rate card can never be published. See wiki/concepts/tariff.md.
+ */
+export function validateTariffStructure(s: unknown): string[] {
+  const errs: string[] = [];
+  if (!s || typeof s !== "object") return ["structure must be an object"];
+  const t = s as Partial<TariffStructure>;
+
+  const nonNegInt = (v: unknown, label: string) => {
+    if (typeof v !== "number" || !Number.isInteger(v) || v < 0) errs.push(`${label} must be a non-negative integer`);
+  };
+  nonNegInt(t.gracePeriodEntryMin, "gracePeriodEntryMin");
+  nonNegInt(t.gracePeriodExitMin, "gracePeriodExitMin");
+  nonNegInt(t.lostTicketMinor, "lostTicketMinor");
+  if (typeof t.incrementMin !== "number" || !Number.isInteger(t.incrementMin) || t.incrementMin < 1) {
+    errs.push("incrementMin must be a positive integer");
+  }
+  if (t.dailyCapMinor != null) nonNegInt(t.dailyCapMinor, "dailyCapMinor");
+  if (t.overstay !== "reprice") errs.push('overstay must be "reprice"');
+
+  if (!Array.isArray(t.blocks) || t.blocks.length === 0) {
+    errs.push("blocks must be a non-empty array");
+  } else {
+    let prevBound = 0;
+    t.blocks.forEach((b, i) => {
+      const last = i === t.blocks!.length - 1;
+      nonNegInt(b?.priceMinorPerIncrement, `blocks[${i}].priceMinorPerIncrement`);
+      if (b?.uptoMin == null) {
+        if (!last) errs.push(`blocks[${i}] is open-ended (uptoMin null) but not last`);
+      } else {
+        if (typeof b.uptoMin !== "number" || !Number.isInteger(b.uptoMin) || b.uptoMin <= prevBound) {
+          errs.push(`blocks[${i}].uptoMin must be an integer greater than the previous block's bound (${prevBound})`);
+        } else {
+          prevBound = b.uptoMin;
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  }
+  return errs;
+}
+
+/** Price of the increment that starts at `cumulativeMin` — the block whose range
+ *  [prevUpto, uptoMin) contains it; the open-ended (uptoMin=null) block catches the rest. */
+function rateAt(blocks: readonly TariffBlock[], cumulativeMin: number): number {
+  let prev = 0;
+  for (const b of blocks) {
+    if (b.uptoMin == null || cumulativeMin < b.uptoMin) return b.priceMinorPerIncrement;
+    prev = b.uptoMin;
+    void prev;
+  }
+  // No open-ended block and past the last bound: charge the last block's rate.
+  return blocks.length ? blocks[blocks.length - 1]!.priceMinorPerIncrement : 0;
+}
+
 export const ROLES: readonly Role[] = [
   "admin",
   "operator",

wiki/concepts/parking-session.md

@@ -96,8 +96,34 @@ Permit sessions skip PAID: a valid [[permit]] at exit is itself the authorizatio
 
 ## What this unblocks (build order)
 
-The device layer left the entry flow dangling — `input_received` events land in the log and stop
-([[device-input-flow]] "the entry flow itself is the next build"). The session domain is that next
-step: consume `input_received` / a reader event → mint a signed `vehicle_entry` → print + open.
-Then the pay-station and exit-validation flows. Schema + code follow this page and [[tariff]];
-the decision is recorded in [[session-model]].
+The device layer left the entry flow dangling — the session domain is that next step. Schema + code
+follow this page and [[tariff]]; the decision is recorded in [[session-model]].
+
+### As-built (2026-06-15)
+
+- **Entry flow** (`apps/server/src/entry-flow.ts`): access-device input edge → print ticket
+  (failover) → signed `vehicle_entry` → `pulseOpen`. Holds (anomaly, no open, no entry) if printing
+  fails. See [[device-input-flow]].
+- **Read dispatch** (`apps/server/src/read-dispatch.ts`): a credential read routes to the
+  **permit flow** if it matches a permit (card/QR/bound plate), else to the transient **exit flow**.
+  Lane resolved once (`readerLaneWithAccess`). See [[permit]] as-built.
+- **Exit flow** (`apps/server/src/exit-flow.ts`): a credential **read** (the `read` bus channel) →
+  fold the signed ledger for that identity → validate **open + PAID + within `gracePeriodExitMin`**
+  → signed `vehicle_exit` → `pulseOpen`. Unpaid / expired / unknown → signed `anomaly`, barrier
+  stays closed. Validation folds the **ledger** (authoritative), then updates the `sessions` cache.
+  - **Not a fail-state:** an unpaid reject keeps the barrier closed deliberately (driver returns to
+    the pay station); "exit fails open" ([[fail-state-safety]]) is about the *system* being unable
+    to decide (host/power loss), not an unpaid car.
+- **Pay station** (`apps/server/src/pay-station.ts`, routes `GET /api/pay/quote` + `POST /api/pay`):
+  look up the open session → resolve the active tariff version (latest `effectiveFrom ≤ entry`) →
+  `computeFee` → append a signed `payment` event (amount, currency, tender, `tariffVersionId`,
+  `graceExitMin`). An operator `overrideMinor` covers lost-ticket/dispute (recorded as the charged
+  amount + the quoted amount). Pay-on-foot: payment is decoupled from the exit lane. PCI scope stays
+  out of the app — `tender` only records cash/card; card capture is the standalone P2PE terminal.
+  - **The full transient loop now passes end to end** (verified): entry → quote → pay → exit opens,
+    session closed, `verifyChain` ok.
+
+> **Design gap (flagged):** `lane_devices` has **no entry/exit direction** model. Entry is
+> button-driven and exit is read-driven, so they don't currently collide — but a lane with both an
+> entry reader and an exit reader can't yet be distinguished. A lane-direction/role model is needed
+> before multi-reader lanes (relates to [[open-questions]] #1 topology).

wiki/concepts/tariff.md

@@ -87,6 +87,31 @@ Deterministic, side-effect-free, unit-testable; the daily cap is applied **per r
 overnight stay doesn't hit the cap twice). Rounding and segment edges are part of the settled spec
 because the chain + reconciliation depend on the result being reproducible.
 
+**Settled edges (2026-06-15, with tests):**
+- **Grace uses RAW duration** — a stay within `gracePeriodEntryMin` is free even though the
+  increment would round it up (else rounding defeats the grace window).
+- **The block ladder RESETS each rolling-24h day** — day 2 starts at the first block again (a 25h
+  stay = day-1 capped + day-2 first-hour rate), so the "daily" rate truly resets daily.
+
+**As-built:** `computeFee(enteredAt, asOf, structure)` in `packages/shared` (pure). Unit-tested
+across grace, block steps, daily cap, and multi-day reset.
+
+### Composer (as-built 2026-06-15)
+
+The admin authors the rate card at runtime — no hand-seeding:
+
+- **API** (`apps/server/src/routes/tariffs.ts`): `GET /api/tariff` (active version + history; any
+  signed-in role) and `POST /api/tariff/versions` (publish a new immutable version; **admin only**).
+  Publishing validates the structure via `validateTariffStructure` (shared) — non-negative integers,
+  ordered/ascending block bounds, only the last block open-ended — so a malformed card can never be
+  published. The single site `tariffs` row is created lazily on first read/publish.
+- **UI** (`apps/web/src/TariffComposer.tsx`, admin shell): edit currency, grace windows, increment,
+  daily cap, lost-ticket fee, and add/remove rate blocks; amounts entered in major units, converted
+  to integer minor units on submit. Shows the active version + history; "Publish" creates a new
+  version (past sessions keep their pricing).
+- Ships **blank** — until a version is published, `GET /api/tariff` returns `active: null` and the
+  pay station returns `409 no active tariff`. Verified end to end (publish → pay station prices).
+
 ## The pay-on-foot consequence
 
 Because payment is decoupled from exit ([[parking-session]] lifecycle), the tariff has **two

wiki/entities/local-jwt-auth.md

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ Authentication and authorization, kept **fully local** — a direct consequence
 - `@fastify/jwt` signs tokens with a **local secret** (symmetric HMAC). The server **refuses to
   start** without a strong `JWT_SECRET` (≥32 chars, no placeholder) — there is deliberately no
   insecure default.
-- **Session lifetime: valid until explicit logout — no time expiry** (decision 2026-06-15).
+- **Session lifetime: valid until explicit logout — no time expiry** (decision 2026-06-15, built).
   Booth reality breaks any fixed clock: relief arrives late, fails to show, or one operator is
   forced to work two shifts in a row — a token that expired mid-duty would strand an active
   operator. So the login persists until logout; a **[[shift]] is a separate, explicit boundary**,
   not tied to token lifetime. (Superseded the earlier "8h expiry, bound to a shift" assumption.)
-  > ⚠️ Code still mints an 8h-expiry token — this page records the decided design; the server
-  > change (drop `expiresIn`, persist until logout) is pending.
+  The JWT carries no `exp`; the cookie has a long fixed `maxAge` (30 days) so a browser restart
+  doesn't log out an active operator, and `logout` clears it.
 - A `users` table in [[sqlite]] holds **bcrypt** password hashes plus a **role** column. The
   first admin is seeded via `pnpm --filter @parking/server seed-admin` (no bootstrap endpoint).
 - Authorization = a simple `preHandler` role guard per route: **admin / operator / cashier /

wiki/entities/permit.md

@@ -99,6 +99,36 @@ stays append-only even though the permit record itself is editable.
 - **Revoked:** a revoked permit fails the entry check → treated as transient (take a ticket) or
   refused, per policy (OPEN).
 
+## As-built (2026-06-15)
+
+`apps/server/src/permit-flow.ts`, reached via the **read dispatcher**
+(`read-dispatch.ts`): a credential read routes to the permit flow if it **matches a permit**
+(card/QR credential, or a bound plate) — otherwise to the transient exit flow. So one read handler
+serves both populations ([[entry-exit-readers]]), disambiguated by *what the credential is*.
+
+- **Direction is inferred from session state for that car** — the read credential value is the
+  per-car session key. No open session for that car → **ENTRY** (check `maxConcurrent`, sign
+  `vehicle_entry`, open); an open session → **EXIT** (sign `vehicle_exit`, open, close). A fleet
+  permit thus has one session per car concurrently, and anti-passback falls out (a re-read of an
+  inside car is its exit, never a second entry).
+- **`maxConcurrent`** is enforced as a **fold over the signed ledger** — count the permit's
+  `vehicle_entry` events whose car has no later exit; reject at the limit (`null` = unbound).
+- **Validity** (active + within `validFrom`/`validTo`) and **plate-OR-card identity** as designed.
+  No ticket, no fee — the permit is the authorization; every use is still a signed ledger event
+  carrying `permitId`.
+- Refusals (revoked / out-of-window / at-capacity) are signed `anomaly` events; the barrier stays
+  closed. Verified end to end (entry, inferred exit, fleet cap, plate-bound, revoked, dispatch).
+
+**Admin CRUD** (`apps/server/src/routes/permits.ts` + `apps/web/src/PermitManager.tsx`): a permit is
+an **aggregate** (the row + its credentials + bound plates); create/update treat it as one unit
+(child sets are replaced on update). `GET /api/permits` (any signed-in role — for lookup),
+`POST/PUT/DELETE /api/permits[/:id]` + `POST /api/permits/:id/revoke` (**admin only**). Validation:
+`maxConcurrent` is a positive int or `null` (unbound); a permit must have **at least one credential
+or one bound plate** (else nothing identifies it). Revoke is the soft, common case (keeps history,
+barred at the barrier); DELETE hard-removes — past ledger events that reference the permit are
+untouched (the audit trail is append-only and independent). Verified via inject (validation, child
+replacement, RBAC, revoke/delete).
+
 ## Resolved (2026-06-15)
 
 - **Two optional bindings, independent:** car-count (`maxConcurrent`, **default 1**, raisable or

wiki/log.md

@@ -500,3 +500,80 @@ guarantee. Recorded in [[dingtian-relay]] (new Hardening section).
   new custody/session shape. Captured as [[valet-overcapacity]] + made [[capacity-occupancy]] FULL a
   soft policy; NOT built into the entry flow (clean seam left). Deferred.
 - New page [[valet-overcapacity]]; updated [[capacity-occupancy]], [[index]].
+
+## [2026-06-15] build | Exit flow (pay-on-foot validation)
+- Built `apps/server/src/exit-flow.ts`. Added a `read` channel to the device bus (DeviceReadEvent:
+  ticket/plate/qr/card) — readers/LPR emit reads; entry stays button-driven, so reads are
+  unambiguously exit/identity events for now.
+- Flow: read → fold the SIGNED ledger for that identity → validate open + PAID + within
+  `gracePeriodExitMin` → signed `vehicle_exit` → pulseOpen → close the session cache. Unpaid /
+  grace-expired / unknown → signed `anomaly`, barrier stays closed (a deliberate business reject,
+  NOT a fail-state; "exit fails open" is about host/power loss). Validation reads the ledger
+  (authoritative), not the cache.
+- Pay station doesn't exist yet → no `payment` events → every transient exit currently REJECTS.
+  Correct end-state, not passable until pay-station lands (decided).
+- VERIFIED against stubs: unpaid→anomaly+no-open; paid+grace→vehicle_exit+open+closed; grace-expired
+  →anomaly; unknown ticket→anomaly; verifyChain ok across entry→pay→exit.
+- GAP flagged: lane_devices has no entry/exit DIRECTION model (door mapping hardcoded to 1 for exit);
+  fine while entry=button/exit=read, but multi-reader lanes need a lane-direction/role model (ties to
+  [[open-questions]] #1). Updated [[parking-session]] as-built + gap, [[index]].
+
+## [2026-06-15] build | Pay station + fee calc; JWT 8h → until-logout
+- JWT: dropped the 8h `expiresIn` (server.ts global + login). Token now valid **until explicit
+  logout**; cookie maxAge = 30 days so a browser restart doesn't log out an active operator
+  (auth.ts `COOKIE_MAX_AGE_SECONDS`). Closes the pending change from the shift decision; updated
+  [[local-jwt-auth]].
+- `computeFee(enteredAt, asOf, structure)` in `packages/shared` — pure integer fee calc.
+  TWO BUGS caught by tests: (1) grace must use RAW duration, not the rounded-up minutes (a 10-min
+  stay was being charged a full hour); (2) the block ladder must RESET each rolling-24h day (decision:
+  day 2 restarts at first-block pricing → 25h = 1200 cap + 200). Both fixed; 9 cases pass.
+- Pay station (`apps/server/src/pay-station.ts` + routes `GET /api/pay/quote`, `POST /api/pay`):
+  open session → active tariff version → computeFee → signed `payment` event (amount/currency/tender/
+  tariffVersionId/graceExitMin); `overrideMinor` for lost-ticket/dispute. Cashier/operator/admin guard.
+- VERIFIED: full loop entry→quote(300 for 90min)→pay→exit opens+closes, verifyChain ok. (A
+  raw-SQL backdate in one test correctly broke the chain — the tamper-evidence working, not a flow bug.)
+- Updated [[tariff]] (settled edges + as-built), [[parking-session]] (pay station as-built; full
+  loop passes).
+
+## [2026-06-15] build | Tariff composer (makes the pay station operable)
+- `validateTariffStructure` in `packages/shared` — non-negative ints, ascending block bounds, only
+  the last block open-ended; a malformed card can't be published.
+- Routes (`apps/server/src/routes/tariffs.ts`): `GET /api/tariff` (active + history, any role) and
+  `POST /api/tariff/versions` (publish immutable version, ADMIN only). Single site `tariffs` row
+  created lazily. Editing = publish a new version (effective-dated, immutable).
+- UI (`apps/web/src/TariffComposer.tsx`, admin shell next to SetupWizard): currency, grace windows,
+  increment, daily cap, lost-ticket, add/remove rate blocks; major-unit input → minor on submit;
+  shows active + history.
+- VERIFIED via Fastify inject: GET empty→active null; invalid (out-of-order blocks)→400 w/ problem;
+  valid→201 createdBy=admin; readonly publish→403; after publish the pay station quote returns 404
+  (session) not 409 (no tariff) — i.e. it now sees the active card. Full build 5/5.
+- Updated [[tariff]] (composer as-built).
+
+## [2026-06-15] build | Permit entry/exit branch + read dispatcher
+- `apps/server/src/permit-flow.ts` + `read-dispatch.ts`. A credential read now routes by WHAT the
+  credential is: matches a permit (card/QR credential, or a bound plate) → permit flow; else →
+  transient exit flow. Lane resolved once (`readerLaneWithAccess`, shared in lane-map.ts). Refactored
+  ExitFlow.onRead → handleAt(lane,e) so the dispatcher owns lane resolution.
+- Permit DIRECTION inferred from session state for that car (the read value is the per-car session
+  key): no open session → ENTRY (enforce maxConcurrent, sign vehicle_entry, open); open → EXIT (sign
+  vehicle_exit, open, close). Fleet permit = one session per car; anti-passback falls out.
+- maxConcurrent enforced as a fold over the signed ledger (count the permit's entries whose car has
+  no later exit); null = unbound. Validity window + status + plate-OR-card identity as designed.
+  No ticket/fee; every use is a signed event carrying permitId. Refusals = signed anomaly, no open.
+- VERIFIED against stubs: card entry → inferred exit; fleet maxConcurrent=2 (F1,F2 in, F3 rejected,
+  F1 exits → F3 enters); plate-bound permit opens; revoked → reject; unknown credential falls through
+  to exit-flow reject (not mis-read as permit); verifyChain ok. Full build 5/5.
+- Updated [[permit]] (as-built), [[parking-session]] (read dispatch).
+
+## [2026-06-15] build | Permit admin CRUD (route + UI)
+- `apps/server/src/routes/permits.ts`: a permit is an aggregate (row + credentials + bound plates);
+  create/update replace the child sets as one unit. GET (any role, for lookup), POST/PUT/DELETE +
+  POST /:id/revoke (admin only). Validation: maxConcurrent positive-int-or-null; must have ≥1
+  credential OR ≥1 plate. Revoke = soft (keeps history); DELETE = hard (past ledger events untouched).
+- `apps/web/src/PermitManager.tsx` in the admin shell: list + add/edit (holder, car-bound toggle →
+  maxConcurrent or unbound, validity window, credentials add/remove, plates as a list), revoke, delete.
+- Makes permits usable without hand-seeding (companion to the tariff composer).
+- VERIFIED via inject: empty + maxConcurrent=0 → 400 w/ messages; valid → 201; operator LIST 200 but
+  create 403; update unbinds + REPLACES child rows (old cred gone); revoke→revoked; delete→204 then
+  404, children cleaned. Full build 5/5.
+- Updated [[permit]] (CRUD as-built).